How to choose the material of stamping die?

In the stamping die, various metal materials and non-metal materials are used, mainly carbon steel, alloy steel, cast iron, cast steel, hard alloy, low melting point alloy, zinc-based alloy, aluminum bronze, synthetic resin, polyurethane Rubber, plastic, laminated birch boards, etc. The material for making molds requires properties such as high hardness, high strength, high wear resistance, appropriate toughness, high hardenability, no deformation (or less deformation) after heat treatment, and no cracking during quenching.

Reasonable selection of mold material and implementation of correct heat treatment process are the key to ensure the life of the mold. For molds with different purposes, comprehensive consideration should be given to factors such as their working conditions, stress conditions, properties of processed materials, production batches and productivity, etc., and the performance of the above requirements should be emphasized, and then the steel type and heat treatment should be made. The corresponding choice of process.

When the production batch of stamping parts is large, the material of the punch and die of the working parts of the mold should be high-quality and wear-resistant mold steel. The parts materials of other process structural parts and auxiliary structural parts of the mold should also be increased accordingly. When the batch is not large, the requirements for material properties should be appropriately relaxed to reduce costs.

When the material to be punched is relatively hard or has high deformation resistance, the convex and concave dies of the punching die should be made of materials with good wear resistance and high strength. When drawing stainless steel, an aluminum bronze die can be used because it has better anti-sticking properties. The guide post and guide bush require wear resistance and good toughness, so low carbon steel surface carburizing and quenching is often used. Another example is that the main deficiency of carbon tool steel is poor hardenability. When the cross-sectional size of die parts is large, the central hardness is still low after quenching. However, when working on a press with a large number of strokes, due to its durability Good impact becomes an advantage instead. For parts such as fixing plates and stripping plates, not only must they have sufficient strength, but also require small deformation during the working process. In addition, cold treatment and cryogenic treatment, vacuum treatment and surface strengthening methods can also be used to improve the performance of mold parts. For cold extrusion dies with poor working conditions of convex and concave dies, die steel with good comprehensive mechanical properties such as sufficient hardness, strength, toughness, and wear resistance should be selected, and it should also have certain red hardness and thermal fatigue strength. .

The cold and hot processing performance of the material and the existing conditions of the factory should be considered. Pay attention to the use of micro-deformation die steel to reduce machining costs. For molds with special requirements, mold steel with special properties should be developed and applied. The selection of mold materials should be determined according to the use conditions of mold parts. Under the premise of meeting the main conditions, low-cost materials can be selected to reduce costs.